Get to Know Executive Function (EF)
- The 11 executive skills
- Two dimensions of EF skills: Thinking and doing
- Are EF skills innate? Learned?
- Exercise: Match the descriptor to the EF skill
The Neurobiology of EF
- Normal v. atypical brain development
- Chronological v. age of functioning, ex - ADHD
- How do executive skills develop in the brain?
- Negative influences on EF development
- Can executive skills be recovered?
Assessment: What Does Weak EF Look Like?
- Parent/teacher interviews: What to ask/ look for and why
- Behavior rating scales (BRIEF-2, ADHD Rating Scales-V, and more!)
- Limitations of formal evaluation
- Observation/informal assessment
- When is it an educational disability?
- Co-morbidity with mental health disorders
Linking Assessment to Intervention: 3 Key Skills to Accommodate Executive Skill Weaknesses
- Environmental Modifications
- Any changes made external to the child - physical or social
- Modify the nature of the task(s)
- Change the ways adults interact with the child
- Exercise: Brainstorm modifications for each EF skill
- Teach Deficient Skills
- Adults (temporarily) become the child’s frontal lobe
- 3 steps to embedding executive skills into:
- Content area lessons
- Whole-class routines
- Small group curricula
- Adaptations for K-6, middle school, and high school
- Step-by-step examples: Cleaning room, starting the day, homework plans, classroom organization
- Exercise: Design an EF-conducive classroom or home routine
- Motivate the Child to Use the Skill
- A new look at incentives and reinforcement
- The benefits of using incentives
- Simple “go-to” incentives
- Longer term, more elaborate incentives
- Exercise: Brainstorm and discussion on incentives
STRATEGIES, STRATEGIES, STRATEGIES: Must-Have Interventions for Home, School & Beyond
- The 7 keys to effective intervention design
- The “perfect” intervention has these 2 factors
- Must-have strategies for getting kids on board
- Covey’s in my control/out of my control
Student-Centered Interventions: Steps and Guidelines
- Exercise: Step-by-step development of a student-centered intervention
- Case: Sarah – seatwork struggles, poor follow through
- Case: Max – task refusal, wanders, not following directions
- Case: High school student – intellectual disabilities
Practical, Innovative Strategies Designed to Target:
- Beginning & end of day routines
- All things homework – collection, completion, turning in!
- Paying attention
- Desk cleaning
- Writing papers
- Longer-term projects
- Organization
- Managing open-ended tasks
- Taking notes
- Temper control
- Impulsivity
- Transitions
- Perspective taking
- Problem solving
- And more!
Coaching: 1:1 Interventions for Executive Skill Development
- Key components of coaching
- Stages and goal setting
- Class-wide peer coaching
- Evidence behind coaching’s effectiveness
Clinical Considerations
- ABA/RTI in schools
- Working with parents and families
- Multicultural factors
- Limitations of the research and potential risks


